概括：这道题是阙友酪同学的课后英语练习题，主要是关于希腊众神，指导老师为戎老师。旧神谱记载了天地的起源，最初宇宙最老的神是卡俄斯（Χ?ο?，即“混沌”），卡俄斯生出了盖亚（Γα?α，大地）和厄罗斯（?ρω?，爱）和塔耳塔洛斯（Τ?ρταρο?，深渊、地狱），接着在大地底层出现了厄瑞玻斯（?ρεβο?，黑暗）与尼克斯（Ν?ξ，夜），两者结合生出“光明”与“白昼”。盖亚又生出了乌拉诺斯（Ουραν??，天空）和蓬托斯（Π?ντο?，海洋）。盖亚与她的儿子乌拉诺斯结合，生下了十二个泰坦巨神（Τιτ?νε?）及三个独眼巨人（Κ?κλωψ）和三个百臂巨人。

题目：希腊众神

解：

Zeus (宙斯)

The ruler of the gods,the ruler of Mount Olympus,and the god of the sky and thunder.Zeus was the child of Cronus and Rhea,and the youngest of his siblings.He is married to Hera,the queen of the gods.He is often depicted either standing,striding forward,or seated in a throne of royalty.His symbols are the thunderbolt,eagle,bull and the oak.

Poseidon (波塞冬)

The god of the sea and of horses.He is the brother of Zeus and Hades.Poseidon was given a trident during the war of the Titans and the gods.When they overthrew the Titans,Poseidon took over the sea among other things.He is the son of Cronus and Rhea .Poseidons' symbols were the dolphin and the trident.

Hephaestus (赫斯提亚)

The only ugly god is lame,but he is also the kindest of the gods and a skilled smith married to Aphrodite.

Hermes (赫尔墨斯)

The winged messenger of the Olympians,Hermes was the son of Zeus and Maia.As a friend to the mortals,he introduced weights and measures and he also escorts the dead to Hades.He is the giver of good luck and he taught mortals all arts,such as how to make roads and markets.In ancient times,a bust of Hermes was placed at the top of pillars to mark boundaries.His symbols were winged sandals and helmet.

Hera (赫拉)

The wife and older sister of Zeus.She is the goddess of marriage.The peacock was sacred to her and she is often depicted with a peacock somewhere near her.She is the daughter of Cronus and Rhea.Hera is the most beautiful of the immortals.Her symbols were the peacock and the cow.

Hephaestus (赫菲斯托斯)

The god of technology,blacksmiths,craftsmen,artisans,sculptors,metals,and fire.He was worshipped in all the manufacturing and industrial centers of Greece,especially Athens.Hephaestus and his brother Ares were sons of Hera.Hephaestus was often remembered as the blacksmith of the gods.His symbol was fire and a blacksmith's hammer.

Hades (哈迪斯)

The god of the underworld and the dead.Hades and his brothers Zeus and Poseidon defeated the Titans and claimed rulership over the universe ruling the underworld,sky,and sea.Because of his association with the underworld,Hades is often thought of as a grim figure.He is often associated with a sceptre,cornucopia,or Cerburus,the three-headed dog.In fact,his symbol is the cornucopia.

Athena (雅典娜 )

The goddess of intelligence and war.Unlike Ares who is just the violence of war,Athena is also the strategies and intelligence of war.She was also the patron goddess of Athens who built the Parthenon in her honor.Athena's symbol is the owl.

Artemis (阿尔忒弥斯 )

The daughter of Zeus and Leto,and the twin sister of Apollo.She was the goddess of forests and hills.Artemis was often depicted carrying a bow and arrows and the deer was sacred to her.Sometimes she was also shown with a crescent moon near her.The moon is the symbol of Artemis.

Ares (阿瑞斯 )

The son of Zeus and Hera.Though often referred to as the Olympian god of war,or bloodlust.Ares was often pictured with brazen armor and a spear.He was often known for the unpredictable violence of war.His symbol is the spear.

Apollo (阿波罗)

He has been recognized as a god of light and the sun; truth and prophecy; archery; medicine and healing; music,poetry,and the arts; and more.Apollo is the son of Zeus and Leto,and has a twin sister,the huntress Artemis.In art,he is often depicted as a handsome young man with golden hair normally carrying a bow.Apollo's symbol was the golden lyre which is an old musical instrument.

Aphrodite (阿佛洛狄忒 )

The Greek goddess of love,lust,and beauty.She was often shown as a beautiful women often appearing nude.She is often accompanied by the winged godling,Eros which means love.Aphrodite is the daughter of Ouranos and Hemera and accordingly married Adonis.The myrtle,dove,sparrow,and swan are sacred to her.The swan and the rose were both symbols of Aphrodite.

举一反三

例1： 请问希腊神话中十二主神的英文名称?

思路提示：

Zeus (Jupiter):king of gods

Hera (Juno):queen of gods

Poseidon (Neptune):god of sea

Hades (Pluto):god of death

Ares (Mars):god of war

Athena (Minerva):goddess of wisdom

Apollo (Apollo):god of music,poetry and healing

Artemis (Diana):goddess of moon

Aphrodite (Venus):goddess of beauty

Demeter (Ceres):goddess of agriculture

Hermes (Mercury):god of messenger

Hephaestus (Vulcan):god of fire and metaling

括号中为对应的罗马神话中的名字.

例2： 求希腊神话的英语简介~[英语练习题]

思路提示：

orpheus with his lute made trees

and the mountain tops that freeze

bow themselves when he did sing

to his music plants and flowers

ever sprung,as sun and showers

there had made a lasting spring

everything that heard him play

even the billows of the sea

hung their heads,and then lay by

in sweet music is such art

killing care and grief of heart

fall asleep,or hearing,die.

例3： 希腊神话中的十二主神分别是哪些?

思路提示：

宙斯(Zeus)：克洛诺斯和瑞亚之子；掌管天界,是第三任神王；以贪花好色著名.

赫拉(Hera)：宙斯的姐姐和夫人,美丽的天后；婚姻的保护神,尤其是已婚的女人的保护者.

波塞冬(Poseidon)：宙斯的兄弟；掌管大海；脾气暴躁,贪婪.

得墨忒耳(Demeter)：克洛诺斯和瑞亚之女,宙斯的姐姐；农业女神.

赫斯提(Hestia)：克洛诺斯和瑞亚之女,宙斯的姐姐；处女之神,不涉政务,是灶神及健康之神,主管家庭事务.

阿瑞斯(Ares)：宙斯与赫拉之子；战争之神；粗暴而嗜血,但并非真正的勇士.

雅典娜(Athena)：宙斯与美狄丝结合的产物；智慧女神和女战神；她是智慧,理智和纯洁的化身.

阿波罗(Apollo)：宙斯和勒托之子,和阿耳忒弥斯是双生兄妹；太阳神；全名为福玻斯·阿波罗(PhoebusApollo).

阿佛洛狄忒(Aphrodite)：爱,美和欲望之神；从海中的泡沫中生出.

赫尔墨斯(Hermes)：宙斯和迈亚之子；众神中最快者；盗窃者的守护神,商业之神,黄泉的引导者.

阿耳忒弥斯(Artemis)：宙斯和勒托之女,与阿波罗是双生兄妹；美丽的女猎神和月神,青年人的保护神.

赫淮斯托斯(Hephaestus)：宙斯与赫拉之子,神中唯一丑陋者,但老婆却是爱与美之神阿佛洛狄忒；火和锻造之神,为众神制造武器和铠甲；铁匠和织布工的保护神.

例4： 用英语翻译希腊神话谁来帮我翻译这段话啊!很久很久以前,有个叫库尔采的水中仙女,疯狂的迷恋阿波罗神.每当太阳一早从东方出来,他就目不转晴的望着,从早到晚,直到太阳神西坠,才恋恋不

思路提示：

Long long ago,there was a naiad called 库尔采 who had a crazy crush on God of sun - Apollo.Every morning the sun arose from the east,she started to watch him with fixed eye,from morning to night,she didn't look back until the God of sun had set.As time go by,the naiad rooted at her feet,and her face turned into a beautiful flower named "sunflower".

不好意思,库尔采真的不知道怎么译.

例5： 希腊神话用英语怎么说?[英语练习题]

思路提示：

Greek mythology

Greek mythology is the body of stories belonging to the Ancient Greeks concerning their gods and heroes,the nature of the world and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices.Modern scholars refer to the myths and study them in an attempt to throw light on the religious and political institutions of Ancient Greece and on the Ancient Greek civilization,and to gain understanding of the nature of myth-making itself.[1]

Greek mythology is embodied explicitly in a large collection of narratives and implicitly in representational arts,such as vase-paintings and votive gifts.Greek myth explains the origins of the world and details the lives and adventures of a wide variety of gods,goddesses,heroes,heroines,and other mythological creatures.These accounts were initially disseminated in an oral-poetic tradition; the Greek myths are known today primarily from Greek literature.The oldest known literary sources,the epic poems Iliad and Odyssey,focus on events surrounding the Trojan War.Two poems by Homer's near contemporary Hesiod,the Theogony and the Works and Days,contain accounts of the genesis of the world,the succession of divine rulers,the succession of human ages,the origin of human woes,and the origin of sacrificial practices.Myths are also preserved in the Homeric Hymns,in fragments of epic poems of the Epic Cycle,in lyric poems,in the works of the tragedians of the 5th century BC,in writings of scholars and poets of the Hellenistic Age and in writers of the time of the Roman Empire,for example,Plutarch and Pausanias.

Monumental evidence at Mycenaean and Minoan sites helped to explain many of the questions about Homer's epics and provided archaeological evidence of many of the mythological details about gods and heroes.Greek mythology was also depicted in artifacts; Geometric designs on pottery of the 8th century BC depict scenes from the Trojan cycle,as well as the adventures of Heracles.In the succeeding Archaic,Classical and Hellenistic periods,Homeric and various other mythological scenes appear to supplement the existing literary evidence.[2]

Greek mythology has had extensive influence on the culture,the arts and the literature of Western civilization and remains part of Western heritage and language.It has been a part of the educational fabric from childhood,while poets and artists from ancient times to the present have derived inspiration from Greek mythology and have discovered contemporary significance and relevance in classical mythological themes.[3]

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