概括：这道题是璩潦亢同学的课后练习题，主要是关于毕业设计英文，指导老师为刘老师。法国Esmod服装设计学院，有"世界时装界哈佛大学"之称的巴黎高级时装学院Esmod是世界顶级的时装院校。它悠久的历史和享誉时装界的教学，吸引着来自世界各地的学生。1841年阿历克斯·拉维尼Alexis LAVIGNE创建该校，推行其独特的教育方法，产生了深远的影响。

题目：毕业设计英文

解：

毕业设计的英文翻译有两类

第一种,是将毕业实际中的摘要用英文进行翻译

第二种,是自己找一篇与毕业设计相关的论文,将它翻译为英文,翻译的时候可以用专业的翻译工具.

举一反三

例1： 【谁能帮我找一篇关于土木工程的英语文献啊,汉字翻译不少于300字,】[英语练习题]

思路提示：

Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works such as bridges, roads, canals, dams and buildings. Civil engineering is the oldest engineering discipline after military engineering, and it was defined to distinguish non-military engineering from military engineering. It is traditionally broken into several sub-disciplines including environmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, transportation engineering, municipal or urban engineering, water resources engineering, materials engineering, coastal engineering, surveying, and construction engineering. Civil engineering takes place on all levels: in the public sector from municipal through to federal levels, and in the private sector from individual homeowners through to international companies.

History of civil engineering

Civil engineering is the application of physical and scientific principles, and its history is intricately linked to advances in understanding of physics and mathematics throughout history. Because civil engineering is a wide ranging profession, including several separate specialized sub-disciplines, its history is linked to knowledge of structures, materials science, geography, geology, soils, hydrology, environment, mechanics and other fields.

Throughout ancient and medieval history most architectural design and construction was carried out by artisans, such as stone masons and carpenters, rising to the role of master builder. Knowledge was retained in guilds and seldom supplanted by advances. Structures, roads and infrastructure that existed were repetitive, and increases in scale were incremental.

One of the earliest examples of a scientific approach to physical and mathematical problems applicable to civil engineering is the work of Archimedes in the 3rd century BC, including Archimedes Principle, which underpins our understanding of buoyancy, and practical solutions such as Archimedes' screw. Brahmagupta, an Indian mathematician, used arithmetic in the 7th century AD, based on Hindu-Arabic numerals, for excavation (volume) computations.

土木工程是一门学科,专业工程的设计,施工和维护自然的物理和环境建设,包括桥梁,道路,河渠,堤坝和建筑物的工程协议.土木工程是最古老的军事工程后,工程学科,它被定义为区分军事工程非军事工程.这是传统分解成若干子学科包括环境工程,岩土工程,结构工程,交通工程,市政工程或城市,水资源工程,材料工程,海岸工程,测量,施工工程.土木工程需要在所有层次上进行：在从市政公用部门通过联邦的水平,并在私营部门,个别业主通过向国际公司

土木工程的历史

土木工程是物理和科学原理的应用,它的历史是错综复杂的联系在物理学和数学的了解整个历史的进步.由于土木工程是一个广泛的行业,包括一些独立的专门的子学科,它的历史是联系在一起的结构,材料科学,地理,地质,土壤,水文,环境,机械和其他领域的知识.

在整个历史上最古老的和中世纪的建筑设计和施工进行了如石匠和木匠手艺,上升到建筑师的角色.知识是保留在很少的行会和进步所取代.构筑物,道路和基础设施存在的重复,并在规模上升的增量.

对科学方法的物理和数学问题适用于土木工程最早的例子之一是阿基米德在公元前3世纪,包括阿基米德的原则,巩固我们的浮力的认识,如阿基米德螺旋切实可行的解决办法的工作.婆罗门,印度数学家,用在公元7世纪算法的基础上,印度教,阿拉伯数字,挖掘（卷）计算.

相关思考练习题：

题1：大家做毕业设计的时候外文翻译怎么做的

点拨：1.确定自己的毕业课题方向； 2.了解自己学校翻译要求，比如说字数、格式、对参考考文献是否要翻译等等； 3.找好相关的英文原文，估计一下，比如要翻5000字，则英文原文不加图要4页左右； 4.配好专业词汇软件和GOOGLE翻译，这两者会帮上大忙的，...

题2：毕业设计中的外文翻译到底写什么，文献综述呢？？？

点拨：外文翻译是你上网上查询一篇文章，和你的设计题目相似的英文文章，然后自己翻译过来，这就是外文翻译，篇幅必须长一点，因为一般毕业设计都要有字数限制。 文献综述一般就是把你所用到的资料都一一介绍一下，不要很具体，因为论文是文献综述的具...

题3：求本科生毕业设计英文翻译的评语（指导老师用），谢谢

点拨：该英文资料选择合理，与毕业设计论文相关度高。专业术语、词汇翻译的准确度较高，体现了较强的专业英语应用水平。翻译工作认真细致，严格按照规定，翻译材料能与原文能保持一致，能正确表达出原文意思，细节处理得当，保持准确。翻译字、词数满...

题4：“毕业论文”用英文怎么说？

点拨：Thesis For Graduation毕业论文 Thesis For Academic Degree学位论文 Thesis表示比较严肃的文章，是带有一定目的的，研究性的文章。学位论文，研究报告。

题5：“在我做毕业设计的时候”这句话用英文怎么说？

点拨：be prepared for 是指“为~做好准备”，重点是已经“做好”准备 如果要表达正在做准备，要用be preparing for 进行时

陈余

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